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Weĭemonstrate how such methodologies can be used to reveal and explore the complex nature of the urban green volume. Using waveform LiDAR data processed into voxels (volumetric pixels) and experimenting with a variety of creative approaches to visualise the volumetric nature of the data, we describe theĭevelopment of new methods for mapping the urban green volume, using a combination of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Minecraft, 3D printing and Computer Numerical Control (CNC) milling processes. Using waveform LiDAR data to measure the three-dimensional nature of the urban greenspace, we explore different ways of virtually, and tangibly engaging with volumetric models describing the 3Dĭistribution of urban vegetation. While urban planners and human geographers are conversant with methodologiesįor describing and exploring the volumetric nature of built spaces there is less research that has developed imaginative ways of visualising the complex spatial and volumetric structure of urban vegetation from the treetops to the ground. The distribution of vegetation within urban zones is well understood to be important for delivery of a range of ecosystem services. The paper also provides a proof of concept for using Google Trends to understand changes in public engagement with nature, which could be applied to the many countries that lack long-term survey monitoring. The findings show that Google Trends provides valuable information about public engagement with nature, which can help to supplement existing survey data by providing new insights about behavioural trends. of these, an average of 13-44% of variation in the data was explained.ĥ. There was a statistically significant relationship between search volumes, survey data (self-reported past behaviour) and mobility data (movement trends) for around half of comparisons. Overall, volumes of Google searches were more closely related with longer-term (10-year) trends from survey data, than more subtle, shorter-term changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. fishing, wild swimming, and encouraging wildlife).Ĥ.

walking, running, and hiking), and explicitly nature-based activities (e.g. Search volumes increased for many urban and rural outdoor green spaces (e.g. Search, survey and mobility data all support a general increase in public engagement with nature since 2009, and a more substantial increase during, or following, the initial national ‘lockdown’ period of the COVID-19 pandemic in England. We then compared trends in Google search volumes in England across both a 1-year and 10-year period to those from Google Community Mobility Reports, and from nationally representative survey data (Natural England’s People and Nature Survey and the Monitor of Engagement with the Natural Environment).ģ. Using Google Trends, we created a list of refined and relevant search terms relating to diverse outdoor spaces and activities. aggregated data from online searches) have major potential as a supplementary source of information and, in the absence of available data, as a proxy for more direct measurement of nature engagement.Ģ. Yet, long-term data on nature engagement are scarce because traditional survey methods are expensive, time consuming and require commitment over multiple years. How humans interact with nature affects the health of both people and ecosystems. Kevin J Gaston- Environmental management from Kernowpods on Vimeo Qualificationsġ986 BSc Zoology (University of Sheffield) CareerĢ011-2017 Director of the ESI, University of ExeterĢ002-2011 Professor of Biodiversity and Conservation, University of Sheffieldġ995-2002 Royal Society University Research Fellow, University of Sheffieldġ994 Royal Society University Research Fellow, Imperial Collegeġ989-1994 Junior, Senior and Principal Research Fellow, The Natural History Museum Research group linksġ. You can find out more by watching a two-minute video of me explaining my work.

You can view my Google Scholar account here. I was founding Director of the Environment and Sustainability Institute from 2010–17. I lead basic, strategic and applied research in ecology and conservation biology, with particular emphases at present including common ecology, ecosystem goods and services, land use strategies, and urban ecology.

Minecraft progressive automation animal breeder